Almost any road cut in the zone shows a myriad of small fractures, fault gouge (pulverized rock), and a few solid pieces of rock. Many smaller faults branch from and join the San Andreas fault zone. Viewed in detail, the fault is a complex zone of crushed and broken rock from a few hundred feet to a mile wide. The entire San Andreas fault system is more than 800 miles long and extends to depths of at least 10 miles within the Earth. The San Andreas is the "master" fault of an intricate fault network that cuts through rocks of the California coastal region. Wallace, USGS.)The Pacific Plate (on the west) moves northwestward relative to the North American Plate (on the east), causing earthquakes along the fault. This earthquake, however, was but one of many that have resulted from episodic displacement along the fault throughout its life of about 15-20 million years.Īerial view of the San Andreas fault slicing through the Carrizo Plain in the Temblor Range east of the city of San Luis Obispo. Several transform fault boundaries are involved.Ī sudden displacement along the fault on Approduced the great San Francisco earthquake and fire. The San Andreas fault is part of a complex structure of plate boundaries associated with the west coast of the United States. residents, the most famous example is the San Andreas fault in California. Neither production nor consumption of lithosphere occurs at these boundaries. Tectonic plates grind past each other at transform fault boundaries. It is a tectonic plate boundary, where two plates slide past each other horizontally, without forming or destroying the tectonic crust. The aseismic slipping propagates along the MMF at 0.5 km/day from east to west lasting >10 months.Transform Fault Boundaries Between Plates Transform Fault Boundaries Between Plates Locations of piezometers PZN and PZS are also indicated. A black star indicates the 2013EQ earthquake epicenter and a blue dot the TEKR geodetic station. C 3D diagram illustrating the consequence of aseismic creep of the strike-slip fault on the mud volcano activities and the 3D displacement field surrounding the Main Marmara Fault (MMF). A 50-day dilatancy period corresponds to a creep dilatancy along the segment S1. B Calculated up displacement at TEKR (yellow corresponds to up and blue to down) versus longitude position of slipping compared to pore pressure from piezometer PZS-P5 with a decrease of the pore pressure during the slip dilatancy affecting the piezometer area (yellow dots). The TEKR geodetic station is indicated by a black rectangle (base horizontal axis). Along such a boundary, ideally, crust is neither generated nor destroyed, and that is why they are also called conservative plate boundaries. Earthquake (2013EQ) timing is indicated by a triangle (top horizontal axis) and its position is marked by a black rectangle (base horizontal axis). A transform fault is a plate boundary along which plate motion is parallel with the strike of the boundary. Pore-pressure data from PZN-P6 versus time are also shown with an increase in the pore pressure during the first stage corresponding to the increase of the normal stress at the outer limit of the damaged zone (yellow dots). Yellow curves correspond to the displacement towards the south while the blue curves correspond to the displacement toward the north. A Calculated north displacement at TEKR versus longitude position of slipping compared to observed north displacement versus time. Transform faults are the only segments of fracture zones that are seismically active.
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